Digital Literacy – Why it Matters to Everyone in a Democratic Society, Including Digital Natives
In today’s interconnected world, the terms ‘digital native’ and ‘digitally literate’ are often used interchangeably, but they actually represent two different concepts. Understanding this distinction is crucial for navigating the complexities of our digital age and recognising why digital literacy is essential for a functioning democracy.
Digital Native vs. Digitally Literate: Understanding the Difference
Let’s start by explaining the differences between about these terms. Digital natives are individuals who have grown up with digital technology. They are familiar with the Internet, social media, and mobile devices from a young age. Coined by Prensky in 2001, the term highlights the intuitive ease with which young people use technology. Digital natives are comfortable with multitasking using digital tools, engaging on social media platforms, and quickly accessing information online.
However, being a digital native does not necessarily mean being digitally literate. Furthermore, according to a study by Kirschner and De Bruyckere (2017), the digital native is actually a myth. More specifically, digital literacy goes beyond familiarity with technology. It involves critically evaluating information, understanding digital privacy, engaging responsibly online, and using technology effectively to solve problems. Digital literacy encompasses essential skills such as:
- Critical thinking: Evaluating the credibility and reliability of online information.
- Cybersecurity awareness: Understanding how to protect personal data and navigate privacy settings.
- Effective communication: Using digital tools to communicate thoughtfully and respectfully.
- Problem-solving: Leveraging technology to address and resolve real-world challenges.
- Digital citizenship: Practicing responsible, ethical online behaviour and understanding the impact of one’s digital footprint.
Why Digital Literacy Matters for Democracy
It goes without saying that democracy relies on an informed society, active citizen participation, and open discourse. In the digital age, these principles are increasingly influenced by how individuals interact with technology. Digital literacy is, therefore, crucial for sustaining a healthy democracy in several ways:
First, a digitally literate society can better distinguish between credible sources and misinformation, including fake news. This ability is essential for making informed decisions, especially in a political context where misinformation campaigns can sway public opinion and election outcomes. Digital literacy equips citizens with the tools to critically analyse political information, understand policy implications, and make reasoned decisions at the ballot box.
Also, digital platforms are significant arenas for political discourse, activism, and engagement. Digitally literate individuals can use these platforms to voice their opinions, mobilize communities, and participate in democratic processes. They are more likely to engage in meaningful online discussions, contribute to civic initiatives, and advocate for social change.
Nowadays, the spread of misinformation and disinformation poses a severe threat to democratic societies. Digital literacy empowers citizens to recognise and challenge false narratives, reducing the impact of misleading information. A society that identifies fake news can hold media outlets and political entities accountable, fostering a more transparent and truthful public sphere.
Furthermore, understanding digital privacy and security is paramount due to the increasing prevalence of digital surveillance and data breaches. Digitally literate citizens are better equipped to protect their personal information, advocate for data protection policies, and navigate the digital landscape without compromising privacy. This awareness contributes to a more secure and trustworthy online environment.
Finally, digital literacy promotes inclusivity by ensuring that all members of society can benefit from technological advancements. It bridges the digital divide, providing equal opportunities for education, employment, and social participation. In a democratic society, equitable access to digital resources and skills is fundamental for achieving social justice and reducing inequalities.
The Path Forward: Fostering Digital Literacy
As we’ve seen, digital literacy is critical to a stable democracy in the digital era. However, fostering digital literacy requires effort and investment. This means that in order to cultivate a digitally literate society, we must integrate digital literacy programmes into school curricula, offer continuous learning opportunities for adults, and create public awareness campaigns. Collaboration between governments, educational institutions, tech companies, and civil society organisations is crucial for developing and implementing effective digital literacy initiatives.
Perhaps most importantly, promoting critical thinking and media literacy from an early age can prepare future generations to navigate the digital world responsibly. Encouraging open dialogues about digital ethics, privacy, and the societal impact of technology will further enhance digital literacy across all demographics.
In conclusion, while digital natives may find it natural to use technology, true digital literacy involves the critical skills needed to navigate the digital landscape responsibly and effectively. In a democracy where informed decision-making, active participation, and protection against misinformation are paramount, fostering digital literacy is essential. By prioritising digital literacy, everyone is empowered to engage meaningfully in democratic processes, protect privacy, and contribute to a more informed and equitable society in the digital era.
Being a digital native does not necessarily mean being digital literate!
Photo: Kampus Production
An article by Sophie Orzechowski.
References:
- Kirschner P.A., De Bruyckere P. (2017) The myths of the digital native and the multitasker, Teaching and Teacher Education, Vol. 67, pp. 135-142, ISSN 0742-051X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.001.
- Prensky M. (2001) Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants Part 1, On the Horizon, Vol. 9, No. 5, September/October 2001, pp. 1-6, ISSN 1074-8121, https://doi.org/10.1108/10748120110424816.
